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研究生中文姓名:陳晉廷
研究生英文姓名:Chen, Jin-Ting
中文論文名稱:從物理性質、機能成分、感官品評及經濟效益之觀點 進行魚菜共生與水耕栽培所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣進行綜 合商業分析與比較
英文論文名稱:A comprehensive commercial analysis and comparison of aquaponics and hydroponic lettuce from the viewpoint of physical properties, functional components, sensory evaluation and economic benefits
指導教授姓名:吳彰哲
林翰佐
口試委員中文姓名:副教授︰詹伊琳
教授︰潘敏雄
教授︰吳彰哲
副教授︰林翰佐
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣海洋大學
系所名稱:食品科學系
學號:40842010
請選擇論文為:學術型
畢業年度:111
畢業學年度:110
學期:
語文別:中文
論文頁數:112
中文關鍵詞:魚菜共生ESG水耕栽培鮮重含水量皂素總多酚硝酸鹽感官品評測試營運成本與效益分析評估
英文關鍵字:aquaponicsESGhydroponicsfresh weightwater contentsaponintotal polyphenolsnitratesensory evaluationoperating cost and benefit analysis
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魚菜共生(Aquaponics)是一種結合了水產養殖(Aquaculture)及水耕栽培
(Hydroponic)的複合式無土生產方式,因其廢水可重複利用,不會造成環境汙
染,是一種高度符環境保護(E,Environment)、社會責任(S,Social)以及公
司治理(G,governance)所謂 ESG 之生產方式,然而同屬無土生產的水耕栽
培,與魚菜共生相比,擁有類似的生產特色但又不盡相同。為了瞭解魚菜共生
與水耕栽培所栽種出來的蔬菜有何種差異,因此於銘傳大學實習農場裡各別栽
種綠拔葉萵苣,並於收穫後進行鮮重(秤重法)、含水量(烘乾秤重法)、皂素(香
草醛-冰醋酸法)、總多酚(Folin-Ciocalteu 法)、硝酸鹽(呈色法)之測定、感官品評
測試(單盲法)及營運成本與效益分析評估之試算與比較。經測定魚菜共生系統
在鮮重、硝酸鹽含量(根部)感官品評之外觀及整體評價項目上具有明顯之商業
優勢(p < 0.05),水耕栽培則是在硝酸鹽含量(葉部)較具商業優勢(p < 0.05),而皂
素與總多酚則較看不出趨勢,其餘比較項目則沒有明顯之差別,而營運成本與
獲利效益分析評估之試算結果則是魚菜共生系統每年可賺取之淨利高於水耕栽
培系統數倍新台幣。故經上述結果可得知,從商業角度進行綜合分析與比較,
魚菜共生系統在商業競爭力上佔據較多之優勢。

關鍵詞: 魚菜共生、ESG、水耕栽培、鮮重、含水量、皂素、總多酚、硝酸鹽、感官品評測試、營運成本與效益分析評估
Aquaponics is a complex soil-less production method that combines aquaculture
and hydroponic cultivation, and because its wastewater can be reused without causing
environmental pollution, it is a production method that is highly compatible with
environmental protection (E), social responsibility (S), and corporate governance (G).
However, hydroponics, which is also a soil-less production method, has similar but
different production characteristics compared to aquaponics. In order to understand
the difference between the vegetables grown by aquaponics and hydroponics, the
green leaf lettuce was planted in each of Ming Chuan University's internship farms,
and the fresh weight (weighing method), moisture content (drying weighing method),
saponin (vanillin-glacial acetic acid method), total polyphenols (Folin-Ciocalteu
method), nitrate (coloring method) were measured after harvest, and the sensory
evaluation test (single-blind method) and operating cost were conducted. The test was
conducted by single-blind method, and the operating cost and benefit analysis were
evaluated and compared. The aquaponics system was found to be commercially
superior in terms of fresh weight, nitrate content (roots), sensory evaluation and
overall evaluation (p < 0.05), while hydroponics was commercially superior in terms
of nitrate content (leaves) (p < 0.05). The results of the pilot project were that the
annual net profit of the aquaponics system was several times higher than that of the
hydroponic system. Therefore, the above results show that the aquaponics system has
more advantages in terms of commercial competitiveness from a comprehensive
analysis and comparison.
Key words: aquaponics, ESG, hydroponics, fresh weight, water content, saponin, total
polyphenols, nitrate, sensory evaluation, operating cost and benefit analysis
目錄
中文摘要.................................................................................................................................... I
Abstract .....................................................................................................................................II
前言..........................................................................................................................................III
第一章 緒論..............................................................................................................................1
第一節 研究背景與動機..................................................................................................... 1
第二節 研究目的................................................................................................................. 2
第三節 研究流程................................................................................................................. 2
第二章 文獻回顧......................................................................................................................4
第一節 魚菜共生................................................................................................................. 4
第二節 水耕栽培................................................................................................................. 7
第三節 萵苣....................................................................................................................... 10
第四節 皂素....................................................................................................................... 11
第五節 總多酚................................................................................................................... 14
第六節 硝酸鹽................................................................................................................... 15
第七節 感官品評............................................................................................................... 17
第三章 研究方法與材料........................................................................................................19
第一節 研究假說............................................................................................................... 19
第二節 實驗執行前敘述及說明....................................................................................... 19
第三節 實驗藥品與儀器................................................................................................... 20
第四節 實驗方法、原理及步驟....................................................................................... 21
第四章 結果與討論................................................................................................................29
第一節 物理性測定實驗之結果與討論........................................................................... 29
第二節 機能性成分定量實驗之結果與討論................................................................... 32
第三節 感官品評測試實驗之結果與討論....................................................................... 36
第四節 魚菜與水耕所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣營運成本獲利效益分析評估 ....................... 37
第五節 魚菜與水耕所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣各比較項目 Z 檢定結果............................... 39
V
第五章 結論............................................................................................................................40
參考文獻..................................................................................................................................41
VI
圖目錄
圖 1、研究流程......................................................................................................................51
圖 2、本次研究樣品所栽種之溫室農場環境圖..................................................................51
圖 3、魚菜共生系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣-第 1 批.............................................................51
圖 4、水耕栽培系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣-第 1 批.............................................................52
圖 5、魚菜共生系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣樣品物理性質分析 (各株鮮重) 結果-第 1 批
................................................................................................................................................. 53
圖 6、水耕栽培系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣樣品物理性質分析 (各株鮮重) 結果-第 1 批
................................................................................................................................................. 54
圖 7、魚菜/水耕系統所栽種出來之綠拔葉萵苣之物理分析 (平均鮮重) -第 1 批結果圖
................................................................................................................................................. 55
圖 8、魚菜共生系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣-第 2 批.............................................................56
圖 9、水耕栽培系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣-第 2 批.............................................................56
圖 10、魚菜共生系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣樣品物理性質分析 (各株鮮重) 結果-第 2 批
................................................................................................................................................. 57
圖 11、水耕栽培系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣樣品物理性質分析 (各株鮮重) 結果-第 2 批
................................................................................................................................................. 58
圖 12、魚菜/水耕系統所栽種出來之綠拔葉萵苣之物理分析 (平均鮮重) -第 2 批結果圖
................................................................................................................................................. 59
圖 13、魚菜/水耕所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣樣品物理性質分析 (平均含水量) 結果-第 1 批。
..................................................................................................................................................60
圖 14、魚菜/水耕所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣樣品物理性質分析 (平均含水量) 結果-第 2 批
................................................................................................................................................ .61
圖 15、皂素標準品標準曲線圖 (520nm) ............................................................................62
圖 16、魚菜/水耕系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣機能性成分分析皂素測定結果-第 1 批......63
圖 17、魚菜/水耕系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣機能性成分分析皂素測定結果-第 2 批......64
圖 18、沒食子酸標準品標準曲線圖 (730nm)。 ................................................................65
圖 19、魚菜/水耕系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣機能性成分分析總多酚測定結果-第 1 批. 66
圖 20、魚菜/水耕系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣機能性成分分析總多酚測定結果-第 2 批..67
圖 21、硝酸鹽 (NO3) 標準品標準曲線圖 (540nm)。.......................................................68
VII
圖 22、魚菜/水耕系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣機能性成分分析 (平均硝酸鹽含量-葉部) 結
果-第 1 批.................................................................................................................................69
圖 23、魚菜/水耕系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣機能性成分分析 (平均硝酸鹽含量-根部) 結
果-第 1 批.................................................................................................................................70
圖 24、魚菜/水耕系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣機能性成分分析 (平均硝酸鹽含量-葉部) 結
果-第 2 批.................................................................................................................................71
圖 25、魚菜/水耕系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣機能性成分分析 (平均硝酸鹽含量-根部) 結
果-第 2 批.................................................................................................................................72
圖 26、魚菜/水耕系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣感官品評平均得分結果-第 1 批..................73
圖 27、魚菜/水耕系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣感官品評平均得分結果-第 2 批..................74
圖 28、魚菜共生系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣期間營運成本與獲利估算表 ........................75
圖 29、水耕栽培系統所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣期間營運成本與獲利估算表 ........................75
圖 30、魚菜/水耕栽種期間系統內溶氧率 (DO) 監測數據結果圖-第 1 批 .....................79
圖 31、魚菜/水耕栽種期間系統內溶氧率 (DO) 監測數據結果圖-第 2 批 .....................80
圖 32、魚菜/水耕栽種期間系統內電導率 (EC) 監測數據結果圖-第 1 批......................81
圖 33、魚菜/水耕栽種期間系統內電導率 (EC) 監測數據結果圖-第 2 批......................82
圖 34、魚菜/水耕栽種期間系統內 pH 值監測數據結果圖-第 1 批...................................83
圖 35、魚菜/水耕栽種期間系統內 pH 值監測數據結果圖-第 2 批...................................84
圖 36、魚菜/水耕栽種期間系統內水溫監測數據結果圖-第 1 批......................................85
圖 37、魚菜/水耕栽種期間系統內水溫監測數據結果圖-第 2 批......................................86
圖 38、魚菜與水耕兩系統環境氣溫監控數據結果-全批...................................................87
VIII
表目錄
表 1、本次研究各實驗樣品使用數量狀況..........................................................................88
表 2、魚菜共生所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣重覆烘乾 3 次秤重紀錄及含水量結果-第 1 批.....89
表 3、水耕栽培所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣重覆烘乾 3 次秤重紀錄及含水量結果-第 1 批.....90
表 4、魚菜共生所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣重覆烘乾 3 次秤重紀錄及含水量結果-第 2 批.....91
表 5、水耕栽培所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣重覆烘乾 3 次秤重紀錄及含水量結果-第 2 批.....92
表 6、魚菜/水耕所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣樣品各比較項目之假設與 Z 檢定結果表-第 1 批.
................................................................................................................................................. 93
表 7、魚菜/水耕所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣樣品各比較項目之假設與 Z 檢定結果表-第 2 批
................................................................................................................................................ .99
表 8、魚菜/水耕所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣樣品各比較項目結果結論總表-各批..................105
表 9、魚菜/水耕所栽種之綠拔葉萵苣樣品各比較項目結果結論總表-各批..................110
表 10、感官品評測試問卷..................................................................................................111
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